VI. Running Water (streams)

A. Basics
  1. stream - channelized flow of water
  2. energy
    1. gradient = vertical/horizontal
    2. channel shape (fig. 9.4)
    3. channel roughness
    4. vegetation
B. Erosion - high energy
  1. hydraulic action
  2. abrasion
  3. solution
C. Transport - variable energy
  1. mechanisms 
    1. bed load - rolling or saltation
    2. suspended load
    3. dissolved load
  2. measurement
    1. competence - largest piece stream can carry
    2. capacity - amount of sediment a stream can carry
D. Channel types
  1. meandering stream - point bar, cut bank, oxbow lake (fig. 9.7, 9.8)
  2. braided stream - longitudinal bar (fig. 9.10)

E.  Deposition - low energy

  1. delta - stream meet calm water (usually ocean) (fig. 9.16, 9.17)
  2. alluvial fan - abrupt change in gradient 
  3. flood plain (fig. 9.18)
  4. levee (fig. 9.18)
E. Landscape
  1. base level (fig. 9.11)
  2. graded stream
  3. downcutting
  4. lateral erosion
  5. headward erosion
  6. stream terraces
  7. incised meanders (fig. 9.15)
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